Documentation > ▶

openSUSE

Reference

Publication Date 30 Oct 2011

Copyright © 2006– 2011 Novell, Inc. und Beteiligte. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.

Es wird die Genehmigung erteilt, dieses Dokument unter den Bedingungen der GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 oder (optional) Version 1.3 zu vervielfältigen, zu verbreiten und/oder zu verändern; die unveränderlichen Abschnitte hierbei sind der Urheberrechtshinweis und die Lizenzbedingungen. Eine Kopie dieser Lizenz (Version 1.2) finden Sie im Abschnitt “GNU Free Documentation License”.

Hinweise zu Novell-Marken finden Sie in der Novell Trademark and Service Mark-Liste http://www.novell.com/company/legal/trademarks/tmlist.html. Linux* ist eine eingetragene Marke von Linus Torvalds. Alle anderen Drittanbieter-Marken sind das Eigentum der jeweiligen Inhaber. Ein Markensymbol (®, ™ usw.) kennzeichnet eine Novell-Marke. Ein Sternchen (*) kennzeichnet eine Drittanbieter-Marke.

Alle Informationen in diesem Buch wurden mit größter Sorgfalt zusammengestellt. Doch auch dadurch kann hundertprozentige Richtigkeit nicht gewährleistet werden. Weder Novell, Inc., noch die SUSE LINUX GmbH noch die Autoren noch die Übersetzer können für mögliche Fehler und deren Folgen haftbar gemacht werden.

Contents

About This Guide
1. Verfügbare Dokumentation
2. Rückmeldungen
3. Konventionen in der Dokumentation
4. Informationen über die Herstellung dieses Handbuchs
5. Quellcode
6. Danksagung
I. Installation and Deployment
1. Installation with YaST
1.1. Choosing the Installation Media
1.2. Choosing the Installation Method
1.3. The Installation Workflow
1.4. System Start-Up for Installation
1.5. The Boot Screen
1.6. Welcome
1.7. Installation Mode
1.8. Clock and Time Zone
1.9. Desktop Selection
1.10. Suggested Partitioning
1.11. Create New User
1.12. Installation Settings
1.13. Performing the Installation
1.14. Configuration of the Installed System
1.15. Graphical Login
2. Remote Installation
2.1. Installation Scenarios for Remote Installation
2.2. Setting Up the Server Holding the Installation Sources
2.3. Preparing the Boot of the Target System
2.4. Booting the Target System for Installation
2.5. Monitoring the Installation Process
3. Advanced Disk Setup
3.1. Using the YaST Partitioner
3.2. LVM Configuration
3.3. Soft RAID Configuration
II. Managing and Updating Software
4. Installing or Removing Software
4.1. Definition of Terms
4.2. Using the KDE Interface (Qt)
4.3. Using the GNOME Interface (GTK+)
4.4. Managing Software Repositories and Services
4.5. Keeping the System Up-to-date
5. YaST Online Update
5.1. The Online Update Dialog
5.2. Installing Patches
5.3. Automatic Online Update
6. Installing Packages From the Internet
6.1. 1-Click Install
6.2. YaST Package Search
7. Installing Add-On Products
7.1. Add-Ons
7.2. Binary Drivers
8. Managing Software with Command Line Tools
8.1. Using Zypper
8.2. RPM—the Package Manager
III. Administration
9. Managing Users with YaST
9.1. User and Group Administration Dialog
9.2. Managing User Accounts
9.3. Additional Options for User Accounts
9.4. Changing Default Settings for Local Users
9.5. Assigning Users to Groups
9.6. Managing Groups
9.7. Changing the User Authentication Method
10. Changing Language and Country Settings with YaST
10.1. Changing the System Language
10.2. Changing the Country and Time Settings
11. YaST in Text Mode
11.1. Navigation in Modules
11.2. Restriction of Key Combinations
11.3. YaST Command Line Options
12. Setting Up Hardware Components with YaST
12.1. Hardware Information
12.2. Setting Up Sound Cards
12.3. Setting Up a Scanner
13. Printer Operation
13.1. The Workflow of the Printing System
13.2. Methods and Protocols for Connecting Printers
13.3. Installing the Software
13.4. Setting Up a Printer
13.5. Network Printers
13.6. Printing from the Command Line
13.7. Special Features in openSUSE
13.8. Troubleshooting
14. Installing and Configuring Fonts for the Graphical User Interface
14.1. Adding Fonts
15. Upgrading the System and System Changes
15.1. Upgrading the System
15.2. Software Changes
IV. System
16. 32-Bit and 64-Bit Applications in a 64-Bit System Environment
16.1. Runtime Support
16.2. Software Development
16.3. Software Compilation on Biarch Platforms
16.4. Kernel Specifications
17. Booting and Configuring a Linux System
17.1. The Linux Boot Process
17.2. The init Process
17.3. System Configuration via /etc/sysconfig
18. The Boot Loader GRUB
18.1. Booting with GRUB
18.2. Configuring the Boot Loader with YaST
18.3. Uninstalling the Linux Boot Loader
18.4. Creating Boot CDs
18.5. The Graphical SUSE Screen
18.6. Troubleshooting
18.7. For More Information
19. Special System Features
19.1. Information about Special Software Packages
19.2. Virtual Consoles
19.3. Keyboard Mapping
19.4. Language and Country-Specific Settings
20. Dynamic Kernel Device Management with udev
20.1. The /dev Directory
20.2. Kernel uevents and udev
20.3. Drivers, Kernel Modules and Devices
20.4. Booting and Initial Device Setup
20.5. Monitoring the Running udev Daemon
20.6. Influencing Kernel Device Event Handling with udev Rules
20.7. Persistent Device Naming
20.8. Files used by udev
20.9. For More Information
21. Shell Basics
21.1. Starting a Shell
21.2. Entering Commands
21.3. Working with Files and Directories
21.4. Becoming Root
21.5. File Access Permissions
21.6. Useful Features of the Shell
21.7. Editing Texts
21.8. Searching for Files or Contents
21.9. Viewing Text Files
21.10. Redirection and Pipes
21.11. Starting Programs and Handling Processes
21.12. Important Linux Commands
22. Bash and Bash Scripts
22.1. What is “The Shell”?
22.2. Writing Shell Scripts
22.3. Redirecting Command Events
22.4. Using Aliases
22.5. Using Variables in Bash
22.6. Grouping And Combining Commands
22.7. Working with Common Flow Constructs
22.8. For More Information
V. Services
23. Basic Networking
23.1. IP Addresses and Routing
23.2. IPv6—The Next Generation Internet
23.3. Name Resolution
23.4. Configuring a Network Connection with YaST
23.5. NetworkManager
23.6. Configuring a Network Connection Manually
23.7. smpppd as Dial-up Assistant
24. SLP Services in the Network
24.1. Installation
24.2. Activating SLP
24.3. SLP Front-Ends in openSUSE
24.4. Installation over SLP
24.5. Providing Services via SLP
24.6. For More Information
25. The Domain Name System
25.1. DNS Terminology
25.2. Installation
25.3. Configuration with YaST
25.4. Starting the BIND Name Server
25.5. The /etc/named.conf Configuration File
25.6. Zone Files
25.7. Dynamic Update of Zone Data
25.8. Secure Transactions
25.9. DNS Security
25.10. For More Information
26. DHCP
26.1. Configuring a DHCP Server with YaST
26.2. DHCP Software Packages
26.3. The DHCP Server dhcpd
26.4. For More Information
27. Time Synchronization with NTP
27.1. Configuring an NTP Client with YaST
27.2. Manually Configuring ntp in the Network
27.3. Dynamic Time Synchronization at Runtime
27.4. Setting Up a Local Reference Clock
28. Sharing File Systems with NFS
28.1. Installing the Required Software
28.2. Importing File Systems with YaST
28.3. Importing File Systems Manually
28.4. Exporting File Systems with YaST
28.5. Exporting File Systems Manually
28.6. NFS with Kerberos
28.7. For More Information
29. Samba
29.1. Terminology
29.2. Installing a Samba Server
29.3. Starting and Stopping Samba
29.4. Configuring a Samba Server
29.5. Configuring Clients
29.6. Samba as Login Server
29.7. For More Information
30. The Apache HTTP Server
30.1. Quick Start
30.2. Configuring Apache
30.3. Starting and Stopping Apache
30.4. Installing, Activating, and Configuring Modules
30.5. Getting CGI Scripts to Work
30.6. Setting Up a Secure Web Server with SSL
30.7. Avoiding Security Problems
30.8. Troubleshooting
30.9. For More Information
31. Setting up an FTP server with YaST
31.1. Starting the FTP server
31.2. FTP General Settings
31.3. FTP Performance Settings
31.4. Authentication
31.5. Expert Settings
31.6. For more information
VI. Mobility
32. Mobile Computing with Linux
32.1. Laptops
32.2. Mobile Hardware
32.3. Cellular Phones and PDAs
32.4. For More Information
33. Power Management
33.1. Power Saving Functions
33.2. Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI)
33.3. Rest for the Hard Disk
33.4. Troubleshooting
33.5. For More Information
34. Wireless LAN
34.1. WLAN Standards
34.2. Operating Modes
34.3. Authentication
34.4. Encryption
34.5. Configuration with YaST
34.6. Tips and Tricks for Setting Up a WLAN
34.7. Troubleshooting
34.8. For More Information
35. Using NetworkManager
35.1. Use Cases for NetworkManager
35.2. Enabling NetworkManager
35.3. Configuring Network Connections
35.4. Using KNetworkManager
35.5. Using GNOME NetworkManager Applet
35.6. NetworkManager and VPN
35.7. NetworkManager and Security
35.8. Frequently Asked Questions
35.9. Troubleshooting
35.10. For More Information
36. Using Tablet PCs
36.1. Installing Tablet PC Packages
36.2. Configuring Your Tablet Device
36.3. Using the Virtual Keyboard
36.4. Rotating Your Display
36.5. Using Gesture Recognition
36.6. Taking Notes and Sketching with the Pen
36.7. Troubleshooting
36.8. For More Information
37. Copying and Sharing Files
37.1. Scenarios
37.2. Access Methods
37.3. Accessing Files Using a Direct Connection
37.4. Accessing Files on Different OS on the Same Computer
37.5. Copying Files between Linux Computers
37.6. Copying Files between Linux and Windows Computers with SSH
37.7. Sharing Files between Linux Computers
37.8. Sharing Files between Linux and Windows with Samba
37.9. For More Information
A. An Example Network
B. GNU Licenses
B.1. GNU General Public License
B.2. GNU Free Documentation License

List of Figures

1.1. The Boot Screen
1.2. Welcome
1.3. Installation Mode
1.4. Clock and Time Zone
1.5. Desktop Selection
1.6. Suggested Partitioning
1.7. Resizing the Windows Partition
1.8. Create New User
1.9. Installation Settings
1.10. Software Selection and System Tasks
3.1. The YaST Partitioner
3.2. Physical Partitioning versus LVM
3.3. Creating a Volume Group
3.4. Logical Volume Management
3.5. RAID Partitions
4.1. Conflict Management of the Software Manager
4.2. Conflict Management of the Software Manager
4.3. KDE Software Updater
4.4. GNOME Update Applet
5.1. YaST Online Update—Qt Interface
5.2. YaST Online Update—GTK Interface
9.1. YaST User and Group Administration
11.1. Main Window of YaST in Text Mode
11.2. The Software Installation Module
17.1. System Services (Runlevel)
17.2. System Configuration Using the sysconfig Editor
18.1. Boot Loader Settings
23.1. Simplified Layer Model for TCP/IP
23.2. TCP/IP Ethernet Packet
23.3. Configuring Network Settings
23.4. Modem Configuration
23.5. ISDN Configuration
23.6. ISDN Interface Configuration
23.7. DSL Configuration
25.1. DNS Server Installation: Forwarder Settings
25.2. DNS Server Installation: DNS Zones
25.3. DNS Server Installation: Finish Wizard
25.4. DNS Server: Logging
25.5. DNS Server: Zone Editor (Basics)
25.6. DNS Server: Zone Editor (NS Records)
25.7. DNS Server: Zone Editor (MX Records)
25.8. DNS Server: Zone Editor (SOA)
26.1. DHCP Server: Card Selection
26.2. DHCP Server: Global Settings
26.3. DHCP Server: Dynamic DHCP
26.4. DHCP Server: Start-Up
27.1. Advanced NTP Configuration: General Settings
27.2. YaST: NTP Server
27.3. Advanced NTP Configuration: Security Settings
28.1. NFS Client Configuration with YaST
28.2. NFS Server Configuration Tool
28.3. Configuring an NFS Server with YaST
28.4. Exporting Directories with NFSv4
28.5. Exporting Directories with NFSv2 and v3
30.1. HTTP Server Wizard: Default Host
30.2. HTTP Server Wizard: Summary
30.3. HTTP Server Configuration: Listen Ports and Addresses
30.4. HTTP Server Configuration: Server Modules
31.1. FTP Server Configuration — Start-Up
32.1. Integrating a Mobile Computer in an Existing Environment
34.1. YaST: Configuring the Wireless Network Card
35.1. GNOME Network Connections Dialog
35.2. KDE Network Configuration Dialog
35.3. KNetworkManager—Configured and Available Connections
36.1. xvkbd Virtual Keyboard
36.2. Gesture Recognition with CellWriter
36.3. Annotating a PDF with Xournal
36.4. Editing Texts with Dasher
37.1. File Synchronization Proposal

List of Tables

1.1. Boot Options
2.1. Installation (Boot) Scenarios Used in This Chapter
8.1. The Most Important RPM Query Options
8.2. RPM Verify Options
17.1. Available Runlevels
17.2. Possible init Script Options
18.1. Screen Resolution and Color Depth Reference
19.1. ulimit: Setting Resources for the User
21.1. Access Permissions For Files And Directories
22.1. Bash Configuration Files for Login Shells
22.2. Bash Configuration Files for Non-Login Shells
22.3. Special Files for Bash
22.4. Overview of a Standard Directory Tree
22.5. Useful Environment Variables
23.1. Several Protocols in the TCP/IP Protocol Family
23.2. Specific Addresses
23.3. Private IP Address Domains
23.4. Various IPv6 Prefixes
23.5. PolicyKit Identifiers for NetworkManager
23.6. Manual Network Configuration Scripts
23.7. Parameters for /etc/host.conf
23.8. Databases Available via /etc/nsswitch.conf
23.9. Configuration Options for NSS “Databases”
23.10. Some Start-Up Scripts for Network Programs
32.1. Use Cases for NetworkManager
34.1. Overview of Various WLAN Standards

List of Examples

8.1. Zypper—List of Known Repositories
8.2. rpm -q -i wget
8.3. Script to Search for Packages
13.1. /etc/modprobe.conf: Interrupt Mode for the First Parallel Port
13.2. Error Message from lpd
13.3. Broadcast from the CUPS Network Server
15.1. List with df -h
17.1. A Minimal INIT INFO Block
19.1. Entry in /etc/crontab
19.2. /etc/crontab: Remove Time Stamp Files
19.3. Example for /etc/logrotate.conf
19.4. ulimit: Settings in ~/.bashrc
20.1. Example udev Rules
21.1. Access Permissions For Files and Folders
21.2. Access Permissions For Files and Folders
22.1. A Shell Script Printing a Text
23.1. Writing IP Addresses
23.2. Linking IP Addresses to the Netmask
23.3. Sample IPv6 Address
23.4. IPv6 Address Specifying the Prefix Length
23.5. /etc/resolv.conf
23.6. /etc/hosts
23.7. /etc/networks
23.8. /etc/host.conf
23.9. /etc/nsswitch.conf
23.10. Output of the Command ping
23.11. Output of the ifconfig Command
23.12. Output of the route -n Command
25.1. Forwarding Options in named.conf
25.2. A Basic /etc/named.conf
25.3. Entry to Disable Logging
25.4. Zone Entry for example.com
25.5. Zone Entry for example.net
25.6. The /var/lib/named/example.com.zone File
25.7. Reverse Lookup
26.1. The Configuration File /etc/dhcpd.conf
26.2. Additions to the Configuration File
29.1. A CD-ROM Share (deactivated)
29.2. [homes] Share
29.3. Global Section in smb.conf
30.1. Variations of Name-Based VirtualHost Entries
30.2. Name-Based VirtualHost Directives
30.3. IP-Based VirtualHost Directives
30.4. Basic VirtualHost Configuration
30.5. VirtualHost CGI Configuration

Documentation > ▶